Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship
academic.oup.comBridging Online and Offline Social Networks · Ellison, Steinfield, and Lampe (2007) suggest that Facebook is used to maintain existing offline ...
Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. - APA ...
psycnet.apa.orgboyd, d. m., & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), ...
Boyd, D. M, Ellison, NB (2007). Social network sites
www.socialcapitalgateway.orgBoyd, D. M, Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), ...
Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship
www.researchgate.netFor example, Boyd and Ellison (2007) used the term social networks to describe them as web-based technologies that allow individuals to create profiles, to ...
Boyd, D.M. and Ellison, N.B. (2007) Social Network Sites ...
www.scirp.orgBoyd, D.M. and Ellison, N.B. (2007) Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, ...
Boyd, d.m., & Ellison, N. B. (2007) - UBC Wiki
wiki.ubc.caboyd, d.m., & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, ...
History of Social Network Sites - danah boyd
www.danah.orgboyd, danah and Nicole Ellison. (2007). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, ...
Steinfield, C., Ellison, N., Lampe, C., and Vitak, J. Online social
www.dhi.ac.ukboyd & Ellison (2007) assert that SNSs have three essential components: 1) a user‐constructed public or semi‐public profile, 2) a set of connections to other ...
Boyd and Ellison define social network sites as web-based ...
www.vps.ns.ac.rs(Ellison et al., 2007). That fact pushed Facebook to the world leader in this kind of linking and communication among the people worldwide, especially among.
Ellison and boyd - 2013 - Sociality through Social Network Sites
wendynorris.comIn this chapter, we document some of the ways. SNSs have evolved since 2007, place their evolution within a context of Web 2.0 and scholarship ...
Full article: Privacy, Social Network Sites, and Social Relations
www.tandfonline.com[Google Scholar]; Boyd , D. M. , & Ellison , N. B. ( 2007 ). Social network sites: Definition, history and scholarship . Journal of Computer-Mediated ...
La expresión de la identidad en la sociedad digital - Dialnet
dialnet.unirioja.es25-39. Boyd, Danah y Ellison, Nichole (2007): “Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship”. En Journal of ...
Boyd Ellison 2007 | PDF | Myspace | Social Networking Service
www.scribd.comBoyd Ellison 2007 - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. social networiking?
A Functional Approach to Social Networking Sites
digitalcommons.trinity.eduImpression formation and management is another critical function of SNSs (boyd. & Ellison, 2007) pertaining to the methods people employ to control their ...
danah boyd - Google Scholar
scholar.google.comSocial network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. 2007. danah m boyd, NB Ellison. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 13 (1), 2010.
Mapeando redes sociais na internet através da conversação ...
books.scielo.org2007. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 07 jan ...
Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship
dl.acm.orgdanah m. boyd. School of Information University ... Nicole B. Ellison ... Journal of Computer-Mediated CommunicationVolume 13Issue 1October 2007 pp 210–230 ...
boyd and Ellison 2007 - Social Network Sites / FrontPage
sns09.pbworks.comBoyd, D. M., & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), 210-230.
Nicole Ellison - Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.orgNicole Ellison is the Karl E Weick Collegiate professor in the School of Information at the ... Her 2007 and 2013 articles on social network sites (with danah boyd) have ...
[PDF] Social network sites: definition, history, and scholarship
www.semanticscholar.orgD. Boyd, N. Ellison; Published 1 October 2007; Computer Science, Psychology; IEEE Engineering Management Review. This publication contains reprint articles ...
From Social Networks to Publishing Platforms: A Review of the ...
www.frontiersin.orgIntroduction. The generative definition of a social network site (SNS) was proposed by boyd and Ellison in 2007: “We define social network sites ...
Exploring the role of academic social networking sites - First ...
firstmonday.orgOnline social networking has developed rapidly in the past decade (boyd and Ellison, 2007; Rainie and Wellman, 2012), including a number of social ...
Social Network Sites (SNS): do they match? Definitions and ...
hal.archives-ouvertes.frarticles published (mainly by Boyd, 2007, 2008: Boyd, Ellison, 2007) insist on differences between social networks and SNS : “digital ...
Networking, or What the Social Means in Social Media
www.dawsoncollege.qc.casites, boyd and Ellison (2007) suggest that a distinctive fea- ... networking but network sites, boyd and Ellison stress, as.
What Is Influencer Marketing and How Does It Target Children ...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov... shared one-to-many (Lyons and Henderson, 2005; Boyd and Ellison, 2007; Knoll, 2016). Children today are audiences and creators of media.
Social Networking with a Purpose: Creating a Positive...
www.bartleby.comBoyd and Ellison (2007) define social networking sites as: web-based services that allow individuals to (1) construct a public or semi-public profile within ...
Consumer adoption of social networking sites - Emerald Insight
www.emerald.comBoyd and Ellison (2007) define SNS as: […] services based on internet that allow individuals to build a public or semi‐public profile within a system, ...
DIGITAL DIVIDES AND SOCIAL NETWORK SITES - June Ahn
ahnjune.comof populations (boyd & Ellison, 2007). Social network sites now mediate a vast array of communication between adolescents. Research on SNSs offers a ripe.
The Political Economy of Social Networking. New York - Open ...
ojs.library.queensu.caWhile social networking existed as early as 1997 (boyd and Ellison 2007), it was not until. Friendster (launched in 2002) and MySpace (launched in 2003) ...
Social Networking. boyd, d. m., & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social ...
slideplayer.com2 boyd, d. m., & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. Definition of SNS: “web-based services that allow ...
Social Network Sites | SpringerLink
link.springer.comBoyd, Danah M./Ellison, Nicole B. (2006): Social Network Sites: Definition, ... Dittes, Andreas (2007): StudiVZ gecrawlt – Analyse der Daten online.
Social Networking: Protecting Your Information and Personal ...
www.inquiriesjournal.com... steal sensitive information from, or murder a victim (Atkinson, 2007). ... allowing for extremely extended social networks (Boyd & Ellison, 2007).
Nicole Ellison Research Publications - umich.edu and www ...
www-personal.umich.eduboyd, d. & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), 210-230.
Social Networks 2.0 - UiO
www.uio.noBoyd and Ellison (2007) use the term “social network site” rather than “social networking site,” in order to emphasize that these sites are more often used ...
Boyd D and N Ellison 2007 Social Network Sites Definition History ...
www.coursehero.comBoyd, D., and N. Ellison. 2007. “Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship.” Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 13: 210–30. Boyd ...
Effect of Social Media on Academic Performance of Students ...
digitalcommons.unl.eduThese networking sites are referred to as social media (Boyd and Ellison, 2007). Social media exploded as a category of online discourse which enables people to ...
The Benefits of Social Networking Services - Western Sydney ...
www.westernsydney.edu.auto site (boyd & Ellison 2007). Social networking services (SNS) are increasingly popular amongst Australian young people regardless of geographical location ...
Factors affecting bridging social capital in on-line professional ...
rshare.library.ryerson.caposted on 08.06.2021, 07:44 by Natalia Gilewicz ... that allows users to make and share contacts by way of displaying their network (Boyd & Ellison, 2007).
Social media and its intersections with free speech, freedom of ...
www.redalyc.org... with their friends and make new contacts (Boyd & Ellison, 2010). ... the number of people they know (Ellison, Steinfiel & Lampe, 2007).
The Handbook of Internet Studies - Page 386 - Google Books result
books.google.caBoyd and Ellison (2007) use the term “social network site” rather than “social networking site,” in order to emphasize that these sites are more often used ...
Digital Literacies: Concepts, Policies and Practices
books.google.caBoyd and Ellison ( 2007 , p . 10 ) identify the rise of social networking sites with “ a shift in the organization of online communities .
Data Protection in a Profiled World - Page 119 - Google Books result
books.google.ca3 danah boyd does not capitalize her name. 4 Boyd, D., and N. Ellison. 2007. Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship.
Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship
academic.oup.comBridging Online and Offline Social Networks · Ellison, Steinfield, and Lampe (2007) suggest that Facebook is used to maintain existing offline ...
Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. - APA ...
psycnet.apa.orgboyd, d. m., & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), ...
Boyd, D. M, Ellison, NB (2007). Social network sites
www.socialcapitalgateway.orgBoyd, D. M, Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), ...
Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship
www.researchgate.netFor example, Boyd and Ellison (2007) used the term social networks to describe them as web-based technologies that allow individuals to create profiles, to ...
Boyd, D.M. and Ellison, N.B. (2007) Social Network Sites ...
www.scirp.orgBoyd, D.M. and Ellison, N.B. (2007) Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, ...
Boyd, d.m., & Ellison, N. B. (2007) - UBC Wiki
wiki.ubc.caboyd, d.m., & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, ...
History of Social Network Sites - danah boyd
www.danah.orgboyd, danah and Nicole Ellison. (2007). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, ...
Steinfield, C., Ellison, N., Lampe, C., and Vitak, J. Online social
www.dhi.ac.ukboyd & Ellison (2007) assert that SNSs have three essential components: 1) a user‐constructed public or semi‐public profile, 2) a set of connections to other ...
Boyd and Ellison define social network sites as web-based ...
www.vps.ns.ac.rs(Ellison et al., 2007). That fact pushed Facebook to the world leader in this kind of linking and communication among the people worldwide, especially among.
Ellison and boyd - 2013 - Sociality through Social Network Sites
wendynorris.comIn this chapter, we document some of the ways. SNSs have evolved since 2007, place their evolution within a context of Web 2.0 and scholarship ...
Full article: Privacy, Social Network Sites, and Social Relations
www.tandfonline.com[Google Scholar]; Boyd , D. M. , & Ellison , N. B. ( 2007 ). Social network sites: Definition, history and scholarship . Journal of Computer-Mediated ...
La expresión de la identidad en la sociedad digital - Dialnet
dialnet.unirioja.es25-39. Boyd, Danah y Ellison, Nichole (2007): “Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship”. En Journal of ...
Boyd Ellison 2007 | PDF | Myspace | Social Networking Service
www.scribd.comBoyd Ellison 2007 - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. social networiking?
A Functional Approach to Social Networking Sites
digitalcommons.trinity.eduImpression formation and management is another critical function of SNSs (boyd. & Ellison, 2007) pertaining to the methods people employ to control their ...
danah boyd - Google Scholar
scholar.google.comSocial network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. 2007. danah m boyd, NB Ellison. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 13 (1), 2010.
Mapeando redes sociais na internet através da conversação ...
books.scielo.org2007. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 07 jan ...
Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship
dl.acm.orgdanah m. boyd. School of Information University ... Nicole B. Ellison ... Journal of Computer-Mediated CommunicationVolume 13Issue 1October 2007 pp 210–230 ...
boyd and Ellison 2007 - Social Network Sites / FrontPage
sns09.pbworks.comBoyd, D. M., & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), 210-230.
Nicole Ellison - Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.orgNicole Ellison is the Karl E Weick Collegiate professor in the School of Information at the ... Her 2007 and 2013 articles on social network sites (with danah boyd) have ...
[PDF] Social network sites: definition, history, and scholarship
www.semanticscholar.orgD. Boyd, N. Ellison; Published 1 October 2007; Computer Science, Psychology; IEEE Engineering Management Review. This publication contains reprint articles ...
From Social Networks to Publishing Platforms: A Review of the ...
www.frontiersin.orgIntroduction. The generative definition of a social network site (SNS) was proposed by boyd and Ellison in 2007: “We define social network sites ...
Exploring the role of academic social networking sites - First ...
firstmonday.orgOnline social networking has developed rapidly in the past decade (boyd and Ellison, 2007; Rainie and Wellman, 2012), including a number of social ...
Social Network Sites (SNS): do they match? Definitions and ...
hal.archives-ouvertes.frarticles published (mainly by Boyd, 2007, 2008: Boyd, Ellison, 2007) insist on differences between social networks and SNS : “digital ...
Networking, or What the Social Means in Social Media
www.dawsoncollege.qc.casites, boyd and Ellison (2007) suggest that a distinctive fea- ... networking but network sites, boyd and Ellison stress, as.
What Is Influencer Marketing and How Does It Target Children ...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov... shared one-to-many (Lyons and Henderson, 2005; Boyd and Ellison, 2007; Knoll, 2016). Children today are audiences and creators of media.
Social Networking with a Purpose: Creating a Positive...
www.bartleby.comBoyd and Ellison (2007) define social networking sites as: web-based services that allow individuals to (1) construct a public or semi-public profile within ...
Consumer adoption of social networking sites - Emerald Insight
www.emerald.comBoyd and Ellison (2007) define SNS as: […] services based on internet that allow individuals to build a public or semi‐public profile within a system, ...
DIGITAL DIVIDES AND SOCIAL NETWORK SITES - June Ahn
ahnjune.comof populations (boyd & Ellison, 2007). Social network sites now mediate a vast array of communication between adolescents. Research on SNSs offers a ripe.
The Political Economy of Social Networking. New York - Open ...
ojs.library.queensu.caWhile social networking existed as early as 1997 (boyd and Ellison 2007), it was not until. Friendster (launched in 2002) and MySpace (launched in 2003) ...
Social Networking. boyd, d. m., & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social ...
slideplayer.com2 boyd, d. m., & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. Definition of SNS: “web-based services that allow ...
Social Network Sites | SpringerLink
link.springer.comBoyd, Danah M./Ellison, Nicole B. (2006): Social Network Sites: Definition, ... Dittes, Andreas (2007): StudiVZ gecrawlt – Analyse der Daten online.
Social Networking: Protecting Your Information and Personal ...
www.inquiriesjournal.com... steal sensitive information from, or murder a victim (Atkinson, 2007). ... allowing for extremely extended social networks (Boyd & Ellison, 2007).
Nicole Ellison Research Publications - umich.edu and www ...
www-personal.umich.eduboyd, d. & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), 210-230.
Social Networks 2.0 - UiO
www.uio.noBoyd and Ellison (2007) use the term “social network site” rather than “social networking site,” in order to emphasize that these sites are more often used ...
Boyd D and N Ellison 2007 Social Network Sites Definition History ...
www.coursehero.comBoyd, D., and N. Ellison. 2007. “Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship.” Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 13: 210–30. Boyd ...
Effect of Social Media on Academic Performance of Students ...
digitalcommons.unl.eduThese networking sites are referred to as social media (Boyd and Ellison, 2007). Social media exploded as a category of online discourse which enables people to ...
The Benefits of Social Networking Services - Western Sydney ...
www.westernsydney.edu.auto site (boyd & Ellison 2007). Social networking services (SNS) are increasingly popular amongst Australian young people regardless of geographical location ...
Factors affecting bridging social capital in on-line professional ...
rshare.library.ryerson.caposted on 08.06.2021, 07:44 by Natalia Gilewicz ... that allows users to make and share contacts by way of displaying their network (Boyd & Ellison, 2007).
Social media and its intersections with free speech, freedom of ...
www.redalyc.org... with their friends and make new contacts (Boyd & Ellison, 2010). ... the number of people they know (Ellison, Steinfiel & Lampe, 2007).
The Handbook of Internet Studies - Page 386 - Google Books result
books.google.caBoyd and Ellison (2007) use the term “social network site” rather than “social networking site,” in order to emphasize that these sites are more often used ...
Digital Literacies: Concepts, Policies and Practices
books.google.caBoyd and Ellison ( 2007 , p . 10 ) identify the rise of social networking sites with “ a shift in the organization of online communities .
Data Protection in a Profiled World - Page 119 - Google Books result
books.google.ca3 danah boyd does not capitalize her name. 4 Boyd, D., and N. Ellison. 2007. Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship.
danah boyd - Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.orgdanah boyd (styled lowercase, born November 24, 1977 as Danah Michele Mattas) is a technology and social media scholar. ... She is a partner researcher at ...
danah boyd (@zephoria) / Twitter
twitter.comLeading Technology and Society Researcher Joins Georgetown for the Year To Fuel Cross-Campus... danah boyd, a researcher at Microsoft Research who studies ...
danah boyd - Data & Society
datasociety.netdanah boyd is the founder and president of Data & Society, a partner researcher at Microsoft Research, and a visiting professor at New York University.
danah boyd - Google Scholar
scholar.google.comdanah boyd. Partner Researcher, Microsoft Research; Founder/President, Data & Society; Assistant Professor, New. Verified email at microsoft.com - Homepage.
danah boyd - Partner Researcher - Microsoft | LinkedIn
www.linkedin.comdanah boyd · Partner Researcher, Microsoft Research | Visiting Distinguished Professor, Georgetown | Founder, Data & Society · About · Articles by danah ...
Danah Boyd | The Guardian
www.theguardian.comDanah Boyd is a principal researcher at Microsoft Research, the founder of Data & Society, and a visiting professor at New York University.
danah boyd — The Internet of the Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
onbeing.orgDanah Boyd is principal researcher at Microsoft Research and the founder of Data & Society research institute.
danah boyd – Medium
zephoria.medium.comRead writing from danah boyd on Medium. researcher of technology & society | Microsoft Research, Data & Society, NYU | zephoria@zephoria.org.
Danah Boyd | UX Magazine
uxmag.comdanah boyd is a social media scholar at Microsoft Research New England and a Fellow at the Harvard University Berkman Center for Internet and Society.
danah boyd: Books, Biography, Blog, Audiobooks, Kindle
www.amazon.comdanah boyd is a Principal Researcher at Microsoft Research, the Founder of Data & Society, and a Visiting Professor at New York University.
Danah Boyd - NYU | Tisch
tisch.nyu.eduDana Boyd is an Adjunct Assistant Professor in ITP/IMA at NYU Tisch School of the Arts.
Danah Boyd: What hath we wrought? - American Libraries ...
americanlibrariesmagazine.orgIn this SXSW talk (59:01), danah boyd explores the unintended consequences of efforts to empower youth, media manipulation and literacy, polarization, ...
danah boyd - DBLP
dblp.org03639. danah boyd: Differential Privacy in the 2020 Decennial Census and the Implications for Available Data Products.
danah boyd | Berkman Klein Center
cyber.harvard.edudanah boyd is a researcher at Microsoft Research New England and a Fellow at the Harvard University Berkman Center for Internet and Society.
Leading Technology and Society Researcher Joins ...
www.georgetown.edudanah boyd, a researcher at Microsoft Research who studies technology and society, has joined Georgetown as a visiting distinguished ...
danah boyd | The MIT Press
mitpress.mit.eduMizuko Ito, Heather A. Horst, Matteo Bittanti, danah boyd, Becky Herr Stephenson, Patricia G. Lange, C. J. Pascoe, and Laura Robinson 2009.
Danah Boyd - Aspen Ideas Festival
www.aspenideas.orgDanah Boyd is a principal researcher at Microsoft Research; a research assistant professor in media, culture, and communication at New York University, ...
danah boyd on Digital Ethics - Center for Media Engagement
mediaengagement.orgDr. danah boyd is a Principal Researcher at Microsoft Research, the founder and president of Data & Society, and a ...
danah boyd - Science Friday
www.sciencefriday.comdanah boyd is a Principal Researcher at Microsoft Research, a Research Assistant Professor in Media, Culture, and Communication at New York University, ...
danah boyd - Connected Learning Alliance
clalliance.orgdanah boyd. danah is a researcher at Microsoft Research New England and a Fellow at the Harvard University Berkman Center for Internet and Society.
danah boyd - Technology | Academics | Policy - /
www.techpolicy.comdanah boyd is a researcher at Microsoft Research New England and a Fellow at the Harvard University Berkman Center for Internet and Society.
danah boyd - IMDb
www.imdb.comdanah boyd, Self: Terms and Conditions May Apply. danah boyd is known for her work on Terms and Conditions May Apply (2013), InRealLife (2013) and The ...
danah boyd on why fake news is so easy to believe
open.spotify.comListen to this episode from Vox Conversations on Spotify. danah boyd is an anthropologist and computer scientist who studies the way people actually use ...
danah boyd (@zephoria) • Instagram photos and videos
www.instagram.com455 Followers, 396 Following, 513 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from danah boyd (@zephoria)
danah boyd - Public Books
www.publicbooks.orgdanah boyd is the founder and president of Data & Society, a partner researcher at Microsoft Research, and a visiting professor at New York.
danah boyd | EDUCAUSE
members.educause.eduJuly 13, 2021; Multimedia. danah boyd talks about the difficulties of creating and maintaining social networks on campus.
danah boyd - EPIC – Electronic Privacy Information Center
epic.orgdanah boyd is a Partner Researcher at Microsoft Research, the founder/president of Data & Society, and a Visiting Professor at New York University.
Networked Youth Culture Beyond Digital Natives - Library of ...
blogs.loc.govdanah boyd, principal researcher, Microsoft Research, research assistant professor in media, culture and communication at New York ...
danah boyd - Google Scholar
scholar.google.co.thdanah boyd. Partner Researcher, Microsoft Research; Founder/President, Data & Society; Assistant Professor, New. ยืนยันอีเมลแล้วที่ microsoft.com - หน้าแรก.
danah boyd - Quartz
qz.comQuartz Articles by danah boyd - Researcher of technology & society | Microsoft Research, Data & Society, NYU | zephoria@zephoria.org.
danah boyd | HuffPost
www.huffpost.comContributor. danah boyd. Researcher of technology & society at NYU. Contributor. Show Full Bio. May 19, 2017. Facebook Must Be Held Accountable To The ...
Danah Boyd | Penguin Random House Canada
www.penguinrandomhouse.caGet news about authors like Danah Boyd, popular books, and more! ... Mizuko Ito, Sonja Baumer, Matteo Bittanti, Danah Boyd, and Rachel Cody ...
danah boyd | Fast Company
www.fastcompany.comdanah boyd is a Principal Researcher at Microsoft Research, a Research Assistant Professor in Media, Culture, and Communication at New York University, ...
danah boyd - ONA18
ona18.journalists.orgdanah boyd is a Principal Researcher at Microsoft Research, the founder and president of Data & Society, and a Visiting Professor at New York University.
Networked privacy: How teenagers negotiate context in social ...
journals.sagepub.comdanah boyd is a Principal Researcher at Microsoft Research and the Chief Instigator of the Data & Society Research Institute. She is the author ...